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. Ice wedges in the Yana Highlands of interior Yakutia – the most continentalregion of the Northern Hemisphere – were investigated to elucidate changesin winter climate and continentality that have taken place since the Middle Pleistocene. TheBatagay megaslump exposes ice wedges and composite wedges that were sampledfrom three cryostratigraphic units: the lower ice complex of likelypre-Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 age, the upper ice complex (Yedoma) and theupper sand unit (both MIS 3 to 2). A terrace of the nearby Adycha Riverprovides a Late Holocene (MIS 1) ice wedge that serves as a modern referencefor interpretation. The stable-isotope composition of ice wedges in the MIS 3 upper ice complex at Batagay is more depleted (mean δ18O about −35  ‰) than those from 17 other ice-wedge studysites across coastal and central Yakutia. This observation points to lowerwinter temperatures and therefore higher continentality in the YanaHighlands during MIS 3. Likewise, more depleted isotope values are found inHolocene wedge ice (mean δ18O about −29  ‰)compared to other sites in Yakutia. Ice-wedge isotopic signatures of thelower ice complex (mean δ18O about −33  ‰)and of the MIS 3–2 upper sand unit (mean δ18O from about −33  ‰ to −30  ‰) are less distinctive regionally. The latter unitpreserves traces of fast formation in rapidly accumulating sand sheets andof post-depositional isotopic fractionation.

climate of the past

Past climate and continentality inferred from ice wedges at Batagay megaslump in the Northern Hemisphere's most continental region, Yana Highlands, interior Yakutia