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. We determined the specific biomass burning biomarker levoglucosan in an icecore from the TALos Dome Ice CorE drilling project (TALDICE) during the mid-to late Holocene (6000–750 BP). The levoglucosan record is characterized bya long-term increase with higher rates starting at ∼  4000 BP and peaksbetween 2500 and 1500 BP. The anomalous increase in levoglucosan centered at ∼  2000 BP is consistent with other Antarctic biomass burning records.Multiple atmospheric phenomena affect the coastal Antarctic Talos Domedrilling site, where the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the most prominent asthe Southern Annular Mode Index (SAM A ) correlates with stableisotopes in precipitation throughout the most recent 1000 years of the icecore. If this connection remains throughout the mid- to late Holocene, thenour results demonstrate that changes in biomass burning, rather than changesin atmospheric transport, are the major influence on the TALDICE levoglucosanrecord. Comparisons with charcoal syntheses help evaluate fire sources,showing a greater contribution from southern South American fires than fromAustralian biomass burning. The levoglucosan peak centered at ∼  2000 BP occurs during a cool period throughout theSouthern Hemisphere, yet during a time of increased fire activity in bothnorthern and southern Patagonia. This peak in biomass burning is influencedby increased vegetation in southern South America from a preceding humidperiod, in which the vegetation desiccated during the following cool, dryperiod. The Talos Dome ice core record from 6000 to ∼  750 BPcurrently does not provide clear evidence that the fire record may bestrongly affected by anthropogenic activities during the mid- to late Holocene,although we cannot exclude at least a partial influence.

High-latitude Southern Hemisphere fire history during the mid- to late Holocene (6000–750 BP)