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. The Amundsen Sea Low (ASL) plays a major role in the climate and environmentof Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, including surface air temperature andsea ice concentration changes. Unfortunately, a relative dearth ofobservational data across the Amundsen and Bellingshausen seas prior to thesatellite era (post-1979) limits our understanding of the past behaviour andimpact of the ASL. The limited proxy evidence for changes in the ASL areprimarily restricted to the Antarctic where ice core evidence suggests adeepening of the atmospheric pressure system during the late Holocene.However, no data have previously been reported from the northern side of theASL. Here we report a high-resolution, multi-proxy study of a 5000-year-longpeat record from the Falkland Islands, a location sensitive to contemporaryASL dynamics which modulates northerly and westerly airflow across thesouthwestern South Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. In combination withclimate reanalysis, we find a marked period of wetter, colder conditions mostlikely the result of enhanced southerly airflow between 5000 and 2500 yearsago, suggesting limited ASL influence over the region. After 2500 years ago,drier and warmer conditions were established, implying more westerly airflowand the increased projection of the ASL onto the South Atlantic. The possiblerole of the equatorial Pacific via atmospheric teleconnections in drivingthis change is discussed. Our results are in agreement with Antarctic icecore records and fjord sediments from the southern South American coast, andsuggest that the Falkland Islands provide a valuable location for reconstructinghigh southern latitude atmospheric circulation changes on multi-decadal tomillennial timescales.

Evidence for increased expression of the Amundsen Sea Low over the South Atlantic during the late Holocene