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Despite reduced insolation in the late Archean, evidence suggests a~warmclimate which was likely sustained by a stronger greenhouse effect, theso-called faint young sun problem (FYSP). CO2 and CH4 aregenerally thought to be the mainstays of this enhanced greenhouse, thoughmany other gases have been proposed. We present high accuracy radiativeforcings for CO2, CH4, and 26 other gases, performing theradiative transfer calculations at line-by-line resolution and using HITRAN2012 line data for background pressures of 0.5, 1, and 2 bar ofatmospheric N2. For CO2 to resolve the FYSP alone at2.8 Gyr BP (80% of present solar luminosity), 0.32 bar isneeded with 0.5 bar of atmospheric N2, 0.20 barwith 1 bar of atmospheric N2, or 0.11 bar with2 bar of atmospheric N2. For CH4, we find thatnear-infrared absorption is much stronger than previously thought, arisingfrom updates to the HITRAN database. CH4 radiative forcing peaks at10.3, 9, or 8.3 W m−2 for background pressures of 0.5, 1, or2 bar, likely limiting the utility of CH4 for warming theArchean. For the other 26 HITRAN gases, radiative forcings of up to a few to10 W m−2 are obtained from concentrations of 0.1–1 ppmv formany gases. For the 20 strongest gases, we calculate the reduction inradiative forcing due to overlap. We also tabulate the modern sources, sinks,concentrations, and lifetimes of these gases and summaries the literature onArchean sources and concentrations. We recommend the forcings provided herebe used both as a first reference for which gases are likely good greenhousegases, and as a standard set of calculations for validation of radiativeforcing calculations for the Archean

Radiative forcings for 28 potential Archean greenhouse gases