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We present the first high-resolution (sub-annual) dust particle data set fromWest Antarctica, developed from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Dividedeep ice core (79.468° S, 112.086° W), and use it toreconstruct changes in atmospheric circulation over the past 2400 years. Wefind a background dust flux of ~4 mg m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> and amode particle size of 5–8 μm diameter. Through comparing the WAISDivide record with other Antarctic ice core particle records, we observe thatcoastal and lower-elevation sites have higher dust fluxes and coarserparticle size distributions (PSDs) than sites on the East Antarctic plateau,suggesting input from local dust sources at these lower-elevation sites. Inorder to explore the use of the WAIS Divide dust PSD as a proxy for pastatmospheric circulation, we make quantitative comparisons between bothmid-latitude zonal wind speed and West Antarctic meridional wind speed andthe dust size record, finding significant positive interannual relationships.We find that the dust PSD is related to mid-latitude zonal wind speed viacyclonic activity in the Amundsen Sea region. Using our PSD record, andthrough comparison with spatially distributed climate reconstructions fromthe Southern Hemisphere (SH) middle and high latitudes, we infer that the SHwesterlies occupied a more southerly position from circa 1050 to 1400 CE(Common Era), coinciding with the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA).Subsequently, at ca. 1430 CE, the wind belt shifted equatorward, where itremained until the mid-to-late twentieth century. We find covariabilitybetween reconstructions of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and themid-latitude westerly winds in the eastern Pacific, suggesting thatcentennial-scale circulation changes in this region are strongly influencedby the tropical Pacific. Further, we observe increased coarse particledeposition over the past 50 years, consistent with observations that the SHwesterlies have been shifting southward and intensifying in recent decades

Centennial-scale variability of the Southern Hemisphere westerly wind belt in the eastern Pacific over the past two millennia