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To study the effects of warming and declin- ing species richness on the carbon balance of grassland communities, model ecosystems containing one, three or nine species were exposed to ambient and elevated (ambi- ent +3 C) air temperature. In this paper, we analyze mea- sured ecosystem CO2 fluxes to test whether ecosystem pho- tosynthesis and respiration had acclimated to warming af- ter 28 months of continuous heating, and whether the de- gree of acclimation depended on species richness. In order to test whether acclimation occurred, short term temperature response curves were established for all communities in both treatments. At similar temperatures, lower flux rates in the heated communities as compared to the unheated communi- ties would indicate thermal acclimation. Because plant cover was significantly higher in the heated treatment, we normal- ized the data for plant cover. Subsequently, down-regulation of both photosynthesis and respiration was observed. Al- though CO2 fluxes were larger in communities with higher species richness, species richness did not affect the degree of acclimation to warming. These results imply that mod- els need to take thermal acclimation into account to simulate photosynthesis and respiration in a warmer world.

biogeosciences

Effects of climate warming and declining species richness in grassland model ecosystems: acclimation of CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; fluxes