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. We estimated pelagic primary production (PP) in thecoastal (&lt;200 m depth) Mediterranean Sea from satellite-borne data,its contribution to basin-scale carbon fixation, its variability, andlong-term trends during the period 2002–2016. Annual coastal PP wasestimated at 0.041 Gt C, which approximately represents 12 % of totalcarbon fixation in the Mediterranean Sea. About 51 % of this productionoccurs in the eastern basin, whereas the western and Adriatic shelvescontribute with ∼25 % each of total coastal production.Strong regional variability is revealed in coastal PP, from high-productionareas (&gt;300 g C m−2) associated with major riverdischarges to less productive provinces (&lt;50 g C m−2) locatedin the southeastern Mediterranean. PP variability in the Mediterranean Seais dominated by interannual variations, but a notable basin-scale decline (17 %) has been observed since 2012 concurring with a period of increasing seasurface temperatures in the Mediterranean Sea and positive North AtlanticOscillation and Mediterranean Oscillation climate indices. Long-term trendsin PP reveal slight declines in most coastal areas (−0.05 to −0.1 g C m−2 per decade) except in the Adriatic where PP increases at +0.1 g C m−2 per decade. Regionalization of coastal waters based on PP seasonalpatterns reveals the importance of river effluents in determining PP incoastal waters that can regionally increase up to 5-fold. Our studyprovides insight into the contribution of coastal waters to basin-scale carbonbalances in the Mediterranean Sea while highlighting the importance of thedifferent temporal and spatial scales of variability.

Pelagic primary production in the coastal Mediterranean Sea: variability, trends, and contribution to basin-scale budgets