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. Oceanic islands are cradles of endemism, contributingsubstantially to global biodiversity. A similarity in magmatic origintranslates into high global comparability of substrates of volcanic islandson the oceanic crust with, however, slightly chemically or physicallydifferentiated petrography in some places. Phonolites are examples of rarelocalities with intermediate chemical characteristics between felsic andmafic and with diverse textures. They contribute to habitat heterogeneityand offer specific growth conditions in a significantly different matrix ofbasaltic substrates. The explicit contribution of geodiversity to islandbiodiversity has been little studied, despite growing evidence of itsimportance on continents. On the island of La Palma, Canary Islands,isolated phonolitic rocks are conspicuous due to their light colour and specificshape. Although these outcrops only cover small areas, their unique form andcomposition increase within-island geodiversity. To investigate how thisaffects biodiversity on La Palma, we sampled all vascular plant species in120 plots on four sets of paired sites in order to test if plant diversity andperformance is enhanced on phonolitic rocks compared to basaltic rocks. Werecorded species number and abundance as well as individual plant height and diameteras proxies for aboveground resource allocation and tested for differences invegetation cover and species composition between the bedrock types. We foundhigher species richness and abundance on phonolites than neighbouringbasaltic substrates, and individuals of the same species were larger (inheight and diameter) on phonolites compared to neighbouring basalt. Anendemic woody species with two distinct varieties even appears almostexclusively on the small surfaces of phonolitic rock. Despite extremelylimited spatial extent, phonolitic rocks can play an important role inplant biodiversity on islands.

Geodiversity and biodiversity on a volcanic island: the role of scattered phonolites for plant diversity and performance