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. We report on the sub-basin variability in particulate organic carbon (POC)remineralization in the western and central Mediterranean Sea in late springduring the PEACETIME (ProcEss studies at theAir–sEa Interface after dust deposition in the MEditerranean sea) cruise. POC remineralization rates were estimated usingthe excess biogenic particulate barium (Baxs) inventories in themesopelagic layers (100–1000 m depth) and compared with prokaryoticheterotrophic production (PHP). Baxs-based mesopelagic remineralizationrates (MRs) ranged from 25±2 to 306±70 mgCm-2d-1.MRs were larger in the Algero-Provençal (ALG) Basin than in theTyrrhenian (TYR) and Ionian (ION) basins. Our Baxs inventories andintegrated PHP data also indicated that significant mesopelagicremineralization occurred down to 1000 m depth in the ALG Basin in contrastto the ION and TYR basins, where remineralization was mainly located above500 m depth. We propose that the higher and deeper MRs in the ALGBasin were sustained by an additional particle export event driven by deepconvection. The TYR Basin (in contrast to the ALG and ION basins) presentedthe impact of a previous dust event, as reflected by our particulate Al watercolumn concentrations. The ION and TYR basins showed small-scaleheterogeneity in remineralization processes, reflected by our Baxsinventories and integrated PHP data at the Tyrr long-duration station.This heterogeneity was linked to the mosaic of blooming and non-bloomingpatches reported in this area during the cruise. In contrast to the westernMediterranean Sea (ALG Basin), the central Mediterranean Sea (ION and TYRbasins) showed lower remineralization rates restricted to the uppermesopelagic layer during the late spring PEACETIME cruise.

Particulate biogenic barium tracer of mesopelagic carbon remineralization in the Mediterranean Sea (PEACETIME project)