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. The collection of modern, spatially extensive pollen data is importantfor the interpretation of fossil pollen assemblages and thereconstruction of past vegetation communities in space and time. Moderndatasets are readily available for percentage data but lacking forpollen accumulation rates (PARs). Filling this gap has been themotivation of the pollen monitoring network, whose contributorsmonitored pollen deposition in modified Tauber traps for several yearsor decades across Europe. Here we present this monitoring datasetconsisting of 351 trap locations with a total of 2742 annual samplescovering the period from 1981 to 2017. This dataset shows that total PARis influenced by forest cover and climate parameters, which determinepollen productivity and correlate with latitude. Treeless vegetationproduced PAR values of at least 140 grains cm−2 yr−1. Tree PAR increased by at least 400 grains cm−2 yr−1 with each 10 % increase in forest cover. Pollen traps situated beyond 200 km of the distribution of a given tree species still collect occasional pollen grains of that species. The threshold of this long-distance transport differs forindividual species and is generally below 60 grains cm−2 yr−1. Comparisons between modern and fossil PAR from the same regions show similar values. For temperate taxa, modern analogues for fossil PARs are generally found downslope or southward of the fossil sites. While we do not find modern situations comparable to fossil PAR values of some taxa (e.g. Corylus), CO2 fertilization and land use may cause high modern PARs that are not documented in the fossil record. The modern data are now publicly available in the Neotoma Paleoecology Database and aidinterpretations of fossil PAR data.

biogeosciences

Patterns in recent and Holocene pollen accumulation rates across Europe – the Pollen Monitoring Programme Database as a tool for vegetation reconstruction