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. We present a new natural carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) system locatedoff the southern coast of the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). LikeCO 2 seeps, these CO 2 submarine groundwater discharges (SGDs) can beused as an analogue to study the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on themarine realm. With this aim, we present the chemical characterization of thearea, describing the carbon system dynamics, by measuring pH, AT and CT and calculating Ω aragonite and calcite. Our explorationsof the area have found several emission points with similar chemicalfeatures. Here, the CT varies from 2120.10 to 10 784.84  µ mol kg −1 , AT from 2415.20 to 10 817.12  µ mol kg −1 , pH from 7.12 to8.07, Ω aragonite from 0.71 to 4.15 and Ω calcite from 1.09 to6.49 units. Also, the CO 2 emission flux varies between 2.8 and 28 kg CO 2  d −1 , becoming a significant source of carbon. These CO 2 emissions, which are of volcanic origin, acidify the brackish groundwaterthat is discharged to the coast and alter the local seawater chemistry.Although this kind of acidified system is not a perfect image of futureoceans, this area of La Palma is an exceptional spot to performstudies aimed at understanding the effect of different levels of OA on thefunctioning of marine ecosystems. These studies can then be used tocomprehend how life has persisted through past eras, with higher atmosphericCO 2 , or to predict the consequences of present fossil fuel usage on themarine ecosystem of the future oceans.

biogeosciences

Chemical characterization of the Punta de Fuencaliente CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;-enriched system (La Palma, NE Atlantic Ocean): a new natural laboratory for ocean acidification studies