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. Arctic cryoconite holes represent highly biologicallyactive aquatic habitats on the glacier surface characterized by the dynamicnature of their formation and functioning. The most common cryoconite apexconsumers are the cosmopolitan invertebrates – tardigrades and rotifers.Several studies have highlighted the potential relevance of tardigrades androtifers to cryoconite holes' ecosystem functioning. However, due to thedominant occurrence of prokaryotes, these consumers are usually out of themajor scope of most studies aimed at understanding biological processes on glaciers. Theaim of this descriptive study is to present pioneering data on isotopiccomposition of tardigrades, rotifers and cryoconite from three High Arcticglaciers in Svalbard and discuss their role in a cryoconite hole trophicnetwork. We found that tardigrades have lower δ15N values thanrotifers, which indicates different food requirements or different isotopicfractionation of both consumers. The δ13C values revealeddifferences between consumers and organic matter in cryoconite amongglaciers. However, the mechanistic explanation of these variations requiresfurther investigation focused on the particular diet of cryoconite consumersand their isotopic ratio. Our study introduces the first observation ofcarbon and nitrogen stable isotopic composition of top consumers incryoconite holes analysed by an improved method for cryoconite sampleprocessing, paving the way for further studies of the supraglacial trophicnetwork.

Stable isotopic composition of top consumers in Arctic cryoconite holes: revealing divergent roles in a supraglacial trophic network