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. Methane ( CH4 ) emissions from reservoirs areresponsible for most of the atmospheric climatic forcing of these aquaticecosystems, comparable to emissions from paddies or biomass burning.Primarily, CH4 is produced during the anaerobic mineralization oforganic carbon in anoxic sediments by methanogenic archaea. However, theorigin of the recurrent and ubiquitous CH4 supersaturation in oxicwaters (i.e., the methane paradox) is still controversial. Here, wedetermined the dissolved CH4 concentration in the water column of12 reservoirs during summer stratification and winter mixing to explore CH4 sources in oxic waters. Reservoir sizes ranged from 1.18 to 26.13 km 2 . We found that dissolved CH4 in the water column variedby up to 4 orders of magnitude (0.02–213.64  µ mol L −1 ), and all oxic depthswere consistently supersaturated in both periods. Phytoplanktonic sourcesappear to determine the concentration of CH4 in these reservoirsprimarily. In anoxic waters, the depth-cumulative chlorophyll  a concentration, a proxy for the phytoplanktonic biomass exported tosediments, was correlated to CH4 concentration. In oxic waters, thephotosynthetic picoeukaryotes' abundance was significantly correlated to thedissolved CH4 concentration during both the stratification and themixing. The mean depth of the reservoirs, as a surrogate of the vertical CH4 transport from sediment to the oxic waters, also contributednotably to the CH4 concentration in oxic waters. Our findings suggestthat photosynthetic picoeukaryotes can play a significant role indetermining CH4 concentration in oxic waters, although their role as CH4 sources to explain the methane paradox has been poorly explored.

biogeosciences

Dissolved CH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; coupled to photosynthetic picoeukaryotes in oxic waters and to cumulative chlorophyll &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;a&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; in anoxic waters of reservoirs