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. The net ecosystemexchange (NEE) and methane ( CH4 ) flux were measured by chambermeasurements for five distinct ecotypes (areas with unique eco-hydrologicalcharacteristics) at Abbeyleix Bog in the Irish midlands over a 2-yearperiod. The ecotypes ranged from those with high-quality peat-formingvegetation to communities indicative of degraded, drained conditions. Threeof these ecotypes were located in an area where peat was extracted by handand then abandoned and left to revegetate naturally at least 50 years priorto the start of the study. Two of the ecotypes were located on an adjacentraised bog, which although never mined for peat, was impacted by shallowdrainage and then restored (by drain blocking) 6 years prior to the start ofthe study. Other major aspects of the carbon (C) balance, including dissolvedorganic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and open-water CO2 evasion, were quantified for a catchment area at the study siteover the same 2-year period. The ecotype average annual ecotype C balanceranged from a net C sink of - 58 ± 60  g C m −2  yr −1 ,comparable to studies of intact peatlands, to a substantial C source of + 205 ± 80  g C m −2  yr −1 , with NEE being the most variable componentof the C balance among the five ecotypes. Ecotype annual CH4 flux ranged from 2.7±1.4  g C- CH4  m −2  yr −1 to 14.2±4.8  g C- CH4  m −2  yr −1 . Average annual aquatic Closses were 14.4 g C m −2  yr −1 with DOC, DIC, and CO2 evasion of 10.4 g C m −2  yr −1 ,1.3 g C m −2  yr −1 , and 2.7 g C m −2  yr −1 , respectively.A statistically significant negative correlationwas found between the mean annual water table (MAWT) and the plot-scale NEEbut not the global warming potential (GWP). However, a significant negativecorrelation was observed between the plot-scale percentage of Sphagnum moss cover and theGWP, highlighting the importance of regenerating this keystone genus as aclimate change mitigation strategy in peatland restoration. The data fromthis study were then compared to the rapidly growing number of peatland Cbalance studies across boreal and temperate regions. The trend in NEE and CH4 flux with respect to MAWT was compared for the five ecotypes inthis study and literature data from degraded/restored/recovering peatlands,intact peatlands, and bare peat sites.

Carbon balance of a restored and cutover raised bog: implications for restoration and comparison to global trends