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. Nitrous oxide ( N2O ) is the primary atmospheric constituent involved instratospheric ozone depletion and contributes strongly to changes in theclimate system through a positive radiative forcing mechanism. Theatmospheric abundance of N2O has increased from 270 ppb (parts per billion, 10 −9  mole mole −1 ) during thepre-industrial era to approx. 330 ppb in 2018. Even though it is well knownthat microbial processes in agricultural and natural soils are the major N2O source, the contribution of specific soil processes is stilluncertain. The relative abundance of N2O isotopocules( 14N14N16N , 14N15N16O , 15N14N16O , and 14N14N18O ) carriesprocess-specific information and thus can be used to trace production andconsumption pathways. While isotope ratio mass spectroscopy (IRMS) wastraditionally used for high-precision measurement of the isotopiccomposition of N2O , quantum cascade laser absorption spectroscopy(QCLAS) has been put forward as a complementary technique with the potentialfor on-site analysis. In recent years, pre-concentration combined with QCLAShas been presented as a technique to resolve subtle changes in ambient N2O isotopic composition. From the end of May until the beginning of August 2016, we investigated N2O emissions from an intensively managed grassland at the study siteFendt in southern Germany. In total, 612 measurements of ambient N2O were taken by combining pre-concentration with QCLAS analyses,yielding δ15Nα , δ15Nβ , δ18O , and N2O concentration with a temporal resolution ofapproximately 1 h and precisions of 0.46 ‰, 0.36 ‰, 0.59 ‰, and 1.24 ppb,respectively. Soil δ15N - NO 3 - values andconcentrations of NO 3 - and NH 4 + were measured to furtherconstrain possible N2O -emitting source processes. Furthermore, theconcentration footprint area of measured N2O was determined with aLagrangian particle dispersion model (FLEXPART-COSMO) using local wind andturbulence observations. These simulations indicated that night-timeconcentration observations were largely sensitive to local fluxes. Whilebacterial denitrification and nitrifier denitrification were identified asthe primary N2O -emitting processes, N2O reduction to N2 largely dictated the isotopic composition of measured N2O . Fungaldenitrification and nitrification-derived N2O accounted for 34 %–42 % of total N2O emissions and had a clear effect on the measuredisotopic source signatures. This study presents the suitability of on-site N2O isotopocule analysis for disentangling source and sink processesin situ and found that at the Fendt site bacterial denitrification or nitrifier denitrification is the major source for N2O , while N2O reduction acted as a major sink for soil-produced N2O .

Attribution of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O sources in a grassland soil with laser spectroscopy based isotopocule analysis

Attribution of N<sub>2</sub>O sources in a grassland soil with laser spectroscopy based isotopocule analysis