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. Organic geochemical and micropaleontological analyses of surfacesediments collected in the southern Drake Passage and the Bransfield Strait, WesternAntarctic Peninsula, enable a proxy-based reconstruction of recent sea iceconditions in this climate-sensitive area. We study the distribution of thesea ice biomarker IPSO 25 , and biomarkers of open marine environmentssuch as more unsaturated highly branched isoprenoid alkenes andphytosterols. Comparison of the sedimentary distribution of these biomarkerlipids with sea ice data obtained from satellite observations anddiatom-based sea ice estimates provide for an evaluation of the suitabilityof these biomarkers to reflect recent sea surface conditions. Thedistribution of IPSO 25 supports earlier suggestions that the sourcediatom seems to be common in near-coastal environments characterized byannually recurring sea ice cover, while the distribution of the otherbiomarkers is highly variable. Offsets between sea ice estimates deducedfrom the abundance of biomarkers and satellite-based sea ice data areattributed to the different time intervals recorded within the sediments andthe instrumental records from the study area, which experienced rapidenvironmental changes during the past 100 years. To distinguish areascharacterized by permanently ice-free conditions, seasonal sea ice cover andextended sea ice cover, we apply the concept of the PIP 25 index fromthe Arctic Ocean to our data and introduce the term PIPSO 25 as apotential sea ice proxy. While the trends in PIPSO 25 are generallyconsistent with satellite sea ice data and winter sea ice concentrations inthe study area estimated by diatom transfer functions, more studies on theenvironmental significance of IPSO 25 as a Southern Ocean sea ice proxyare needed before this biomarker can be applied for semi-quantitative seaice reconstructions.

Highly branched isoprenoids for Southern Ocean sea ice reconstructions: a pilot study from the Western Antarctic Peninsula