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. Southeast Asian peatlands supply ∼10  %of the global flux of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from land to the ocean,but the biogeochemical cycling of this peat-derived DOC in coastalenvironments is still poorly understood. Here, we use fluorescencespectroscopy and parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis to distinguish differentfractions of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in peat-draining rivers,estuaries and coastal waters of Sarawak, Borneo. The terrigenous fractionsshowed high concentrations at freshwater stations within the rivers, andconservative mixing with seawater across the estuaries. The autochthonousDOM fraction, in contrast, showed low concentrations throughout our studyarea at all salinities. The DOM pool was also characterized by a high degreeof humification in all rivers and estuaries up to salinities of 25. These resultsindicate a predominantly terrestrial origin of the riverine DOM pool. Onlyat salinities >  25 did we observe an increase in the proportionof autochthonous relative to terrestrial DOM. Natural sunlight exposureexperiments with river water and seawater showed high photolability of theterrigenous DOM fractions, suggesting that photodegradation may account forthe observed changes in the DOM composition in coastal waters. Nevertheless, based on our fluorescence data, weestimate that at least 20 %–25 % ofthe DOC at even our most marine stations (salinity  >  31) wasterrestrial in origin, indicating that peatlands likely play an importantrole in the carbon biogeochemistry of Southeast Asian shelf seas.

biogeosciences

Composition and cycling of dissolved organic matter from tropical peatlands of coastal Sarawak, Borneo, revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis