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. River water is the main source of dissolved organiccarbon (DOC) in the Arctic Ocean. DOC plays an important role in the Arcticcarbon cycle, and its export from land to sea is expected to increase asongoing climate change accelerates permafrost thaw. However, transportpathways and transformation of DOC in the land-to-ocean transition aremostly unknown. We collected DOC and aCDOM(λ) samplesfrom 11 expeditions to river, coastal and offshore waters and present a newDOC– aCDOM(λ) model for the fluvial–marine transition zone inthe Laptev Sea. The aCDOM(λ) characteristics revealed that thedissolved organic matter (DOM) in samples of this dataset are primarily ofterrigenous origin. Observed changes in aCDOM (443) and its spectralslopes indicate that DOM is modified by microbial and photo-degradation.Ocean colour remote sensing (OCRS) provides the absorption coefficient ofcoloured dissolved organic matter ( aCDOM(λ)sat ) at λ=440 or 443 nm, which can be used to estimate DOC concentration at hightemporal and spatial resolution over large regions. We tested thestatistical performance of five OCRS algorithms and evaluated theplausibility of the spatial distribution of derived aCDOM(λ)sat . The OLCI(Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Colour Instrument) neural network swarm (ONNS) algorithm showed the best performance compared to insitu aCDOM (440) ( r2=0.72 ). Additionally, we foundONNS-derived aCDOM (440), in contrast to other algorithms, to be partlyindependent of sediment concentration, making ONNS the most suitable aCDOM(λ)sat algorithm for the Laptev Sea region. TheDOC– aCDOM(λ) model was applied to ONNS-derived aCDOM (440), and retrieved DOC concentration maps showed moderateagreement to in situ data ( r2=0.53 ). The in situ andsatellite-retrieved data were offset by up to several days, which may partlyexplain the weak correlation for this dynamic region. Satellite-derivedsurface water DOC concentration maps from Medium ResolutionImaging Spectrometer (MERIS) satellite data demonstraterapid removal of DOC within short time periods in coastal waters of theLaptev Sea, which is likely caused by physical mixing and different types ofdegradation processes. Using samples from all occurring water types leads toa more robust DOC– aCDOM(λ) model for the retrievals of DOC inArctic shelf and river waters.

Dissolved organic matter at the fluvial–marine transition in the Laptev Sea using in situ data and ocean colour remote sensing