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. New autonomous robotic platforms for observing the ocean, i.e. Biogeochemical-Argo (BGC-Argo) floats, have drastically increased the number of vertical profiles of irradiance, photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), and algal chlorophyll concentrations around the globe independent of the season. Such data may therefore be a fruitful resource to improve performances of numerical models for marine biogeochemistry. Here we present a work that integrates 1314 vertical profiles of PAR acquired by 31 BGC-Argo floats operated in the Mediterranean Sea between 2012 and 2016 into a one-dimensional model to simulate the vertical and temporal variability of algal chlorophyll concentrations. The modelwas initially forced with PARmeasurements to assess its skill whenusing quality-controlled light profiles, andsubsequently with a number ofalternative bio-optical models to analysethe model capability when lightobservations are not available. Modeloutputs were evaluated againstco-located chlorophyll profiles measuredby BGC-Argo floats.Results highlight that the data-drivenmodel is able to reproduce thespatial and temporal variability of deepchlorophyll maxima depth observed at anumber of Mediterranean sites well. Further,we illustrate the key role of PAR andvertical mixing in shaping the verticaldynamics of primary producers in theMediterranean Sea.The comparison of alternative bio-opticalmodels identifies the best simple one tobe used, and suggests that modelsimulations benefit from considering the diel cycle.

Merging bio-optical data from Biogeochemical-Argo floats and models in marine biogeochemistry