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. Leaf area index (LAI) and its seasonal dynamics are key determinants ofvegetation productivity in nature and as represented in terrestrial biospheremodels seeking to understand land surface atmosphere flux dynamics and itsresponse to climate change. Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) and theirseasonal variability are known to play a crucial role in seasonal variationin leaf phenology and growth and functioning of plants. The carbon stored inNSC pools provides a buffer during times when supply and demand of carbon areasynchronous. An example of this role is illustrated when NSCs from previousyears are used to initiate leaf onset at the arrival of favourable weatherconditions. In this study, we incorporate NSC pools and associatedparameterizations of new processes in the modelling framework of the CanadianLand Surface Scheme-Canadian Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (CLASS–CTEM) withan aim to improve the seasonality of simulated LAI. The performance of thesenew parameterizations is evaluated by comparing simulated LAI andatmosphere–land CO2 fluxes to their observation-based estimates,at three sites characterized by broadleaf cold deciduous trees selected fromthe FLUXNET database. Results show an improvement in leaf onset and offsettimes with about 2 weeks shift towards earlier times during the year inbetter agreement with observations. These improvements in simulated LAI helpto improve the simulated seasonal cycle of gross primary productivity (GPP)and as a result simulated net ecosystem productivity (NEP) as well.

biogeosciences

An improved parameterization of leaf area index (LAI) seasonality in the Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS) and Canadian Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (CTEM) modelling framework