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. Carbon captured by marine living organisms is called “blue carbon”, andseagrass meadows are a dominant blue carbon sink. However, our knowledge ofhow seagrass increases sedimentary organic carbon (OC) stocks is limited. Weinvestigated two pathways of OC accumulation: trapping of organic matter inthe water column and the direct supply of belowground seagrass detritus. Wedeveloped a new type of box corer to facilitate the retrieval of intact coresthat preserve the structures of both sediments (including coarse sedimentsand dead plant structures) and live seagrasses. We measured seagrass density,total OC mass (OC total ) (live seagrass OC biomass(OC bio )  +  sedimentary OC mass (OC sed )), and thestable carbon isotope ratio ( δ13 C) of OC sed and itspotential OC sources at Thalassia hemprichii dominated back-reef andEnhalus acoroides dominated estuarine sites in the tropicalIndo-Pacific region. At points with vegetation, OC bio accountedfor 25 % and OC sed for 75 % of OC total ; thiscontribution of OC bio to OC total is higher than inglobally compiled data. Belowground detritus accounted for ∼  90 %of the OC mass of dead plant structures (> 2 mm in size)(OC dead ). At the back-reef site, belowground seagrass biomass,OC dead , and δ13 C of OC sed ( δ13 C sed ) were positively correlated with OC sed ,indicating that the direct supply of belowground seagrass detritus is a majormechanism of OC sed accumulation. At the estuarine site,aboveground seagrass biomass was positively correlated with OC sed but δ13 C sed did not correlate with OC sed ,indicating that trapping of suspended OC by seagrass leaves is a majormechanism of OC sed accumulation there. We inferred that therelative importance of these two pathways may depend on the supply(productivity) of belowground biomass. Our results indicate that belowgroundbiomass productivity of seagrass meadows, in addition to their abovegroundmorphological complexity, is an important factor controlling their OC stock.Consideration of this factor will improve global blue carbon estimates.

biogeosciences

Contributions of the direct supply of belowground seagrass detritus and trapping of suspended organic matter to the sedimentary organic carbon stock in seagrass meadows