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Fire frequencies are changing in Neotropical savannas and\udforests as a result of forest fragmentation and increasing drought. Such\udchanges in fire regime and climate are hypothesized to destabilize tropical\udcarbon storage, but there has been little consideration of the widespread\udvariability in tree fire tolerance strategies. To test how aboveground\udcarbon stocks change with fire frequency and composition of plants with\uddifferent fire tolerance strategies, we update the Ecosystem Demography\udmodel 2 (ED2) with (i) a fire survivorship module based on tree bark\udthickness (a key fire-tolerance trait across woody plants in savannas and\udforests), and (ii) plant functional types representative of trees in the\udregion. With these updates, the model is better able to predict how fire\udfrequency affects population demography and aboveground woody carbon.\udSimulations illustrate that the high survival rate of thick-barked, large\udtrees reduces carbon losses with increasing fire frequency, with high\udinvestment in bark being particularly important in reducing losses in the\udwettest sites. Additionally, in landscapes that frequently burn, bark\udinvestment can broaden the range of climate and fire conditions under which\udsavannas occur by reducing the range of conditions leading to either\udcomplete tree loss or complete grass loss. These results highlight that\udtropical vegetation dynamics depend not only on rainfall and changing fire\udfrequencies but also on tree fire survival strategy. Further, our results\udindicate that fire survival strategy is fundamentally important in\udregulating tree size demography in ecosystems exposed to fire, which\udincreases the preservation of aboveground carbon stocks and the coexistence\udof different plant functional groups

Sensitivity of woody carbon stocks to bark investment strategy in Neotropical savannas and forests