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Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the ocean is an important component ofmarine biogeochemical cycles and will be greatly altered as climate changepersists. In this study a global oceanic carbon cycle model (HAMOCC 2.0) isused to address how mechanisms of oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) expansion respondto changes in CO2 radiative forcing. Atmospheric pCO2 isincreased at a rate of 1 % annually and the model is stabilized at2 ×, 4 ×, 6  ×, and 8 × preindustrialpCO2 levels. With an increase in CO2 radiative forcing, the OMZin the Pacific Ocean is controlled largely by changes in particulate organiccarbon (POC) export, resulting in increased remineralization and thusexpanding the OMZs within the tropical Pacific Ocean. A potential decline inprimary producers in the future as a result of environmental stress due toocean warming and acidification could lead to a substantial reduction in POCexport production, vertical POC flux, and thus increased DO concentrationparticularly in the Pacific Ocean at a depth of 600–800 m. In contrast, thevertical expansion of the OMZs within the Atlantic is linked to increases POCflux as well as changes in oxygen solubility with increasing seawatertemperature. Changes in total organic carbon and increase sea surfacetemperature (SST) also lead to the formation of a new OMZ in the westernsubtropical Pacific Ocean. The development of the new OMZ results indissolved oxygen concentration of  ≤  50 µmol kg−1throughout the equatorial Pacific Ocean at 4 times preindustrial pCO2.Total ocean volume with dissolved oxygen concentrations of ≤  50 µmol kg−1 increases by 2.4, 5.0, and 10.5 % forthe 2 ×, 4 ×, and 8 × CO2 simulations,respectively

biogeosciences

Response of export production and dissolved oxygen concentrations in oxygen minimum zones to &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;p&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; and temperature stabilization scenarios in the biogeochemical model HAMOCC 2.0