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Forest plantations have been widely used as an effective measure for\udincreasing soil carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) stocks and soil enzyme\udactivities play a key role in soil C and N losses during\uddecomposition of soil organic matter. However, few studies have been\udcarried out to elucidate the mechanisms behind the differences in\udsoil C and N cycling by different tree species in response to\udclimate warming. Here, we measured the responses of soil's\udextracellular enzyme activity (EEA) to a gradient of temperatures\udusing incubation methods in 78-year-old forest plantations with\uddifferent tree species. Based on a soil enzyme kinetics model, we\udestablished a new statistical model to investigate the effects of\udtemperature and tree species on soil EEA. In addition, we\udestablished a tree species–enzyme–C∕N model to\udinvestigate how temperature and tree species influence soil\udC∕N contents over time without considering plant C\udinputs. These extracellular enzymes included C acquisition enzymes\ud(β-glucosidase, BG), N acquisition enzymes\ud(N-acetylglucosaminidase, NAG; leucine aminopeptidase, LAP) and\udphosphorus acquisition enzymes (acid phosphatases). The results\udshowed that incubation temperature and tree species significantly\udinfluenced all soil EEA and Eucalyptus had 1.01–2.86 times\udhigher soil EEA than coniferous tree species. Modeling showed that\udEucalyptus had larger soil C losses but had 0.99–2.38\udtimes longer soil C residence time than the coniferous tree species\udover time. The differences in the residual soil C and N contents\udbetween Eucalyptus and coniferous tree species, as well as\udbetween slash pine (Pinus elliottii\udEngelm. var. elliottii) and hoop pine (Araucaria\udcunninghamii Ait.), increase with time. On the other hand, the\udmodeling results help explain why exotic slash pine can grow faster,\udas it has 1.22–1.38 times longer residual soil N residence time for\udLAP, which mediate soil N cycling in the long term, than native\udconiferous tree species like hoop pine and kauri pine\ud(Agathis robusta C. Moore). Our results will be helpful for\udunderstanding the mechanisms of soil C and N cycling by different\udtree species, which will have implications for forest management

Modeling the effects of tree species and incubation temperature on soil's extracellular enzyme activity in 78-year-old tree plantations