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The flux of reduced substances, such as methane and ammonium, from\udthe sediment to the bottom water (Fred) is one of the major factors\udcontributing to the consumption of oxygen in the hypolimnia of lakes and thus\udcrucial for lake oxygen management. This study presents fluxes based on\udsediment porewater measurements from different water depths of five deep\udlakes of differing trophic states. In meso- to eutrophic lakes Fred was\uddirectly proportional to the total organic carbon mass accumulation rate\ud(TOC-MAR) of the sediments. TOC-MAR and thus Fred in eutrophic lakes\uddecreased systematically with increasing mean hypolimnion depth\ud(zH),\udsuggesting that high oxygen concentrations in the deep waters of lakes were\udessential for the extent of organic matter mineralization leaving a smaller\udfraction for anaerobic degradation and thus formation of reduced compounds.\udConsequently, Fred was low in the 310 m deep meso-eutrophic Lake\udGeneva,\udwith high O2 concentrations in the hypolimnion. By contrast, seasonal\udanoxic conditions enhanced Fred in the deep basin of oligotrophic Lake\udAegeri. As TOC-MAR and zH are based on more readily available data,\udthese relationships allow estimating the areal O2 consumption rate by\udreduced compounds from the sediments where no direct flux measurements are\udavailable

Organic carbon mass accumulation rate regulates the flux of reduced substances from the sediments of deep lakes