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Sea ice represents an additional oceanic source of the climatically active\udgas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) for the Arctic atmosphere. To what extent this\udsource contributes to the dynamics of summertime Arctic clouds is, however,\udnot known due to scarcity of field measurements. In this study, we developed\uda coupled sea ice–ocean ecosystem–sulfur cycle model to investigate the\udpotential impact of bottom-ice DMS and its precursor\uddimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) on the oceanic production and emissions of\udDMS in the Arctic. The results of the 1-D model simulation were compared with\udfield data collected during May and June of 2010 in Resolute Passage. Our\udresults reproduced the accumulation of DMS and DMSP in the bottom ice during\udthe development of an ice algal bloom. The release of these sulfur species\udtook place predominantly during the earlier phase of the melt period,\udresulting in an increase of DMS and DMSP in the underlying water column prior\udto the onset of an under-ice phytoplankton bloom. Production and removal\udrates of processes considered in the model are analyzed to identify the\udprocesses dominating the budgets of DMS and DMSP both in the bottom ice and\udthe underlying water column. When openings in the ice were taken into\udaccount, the simulated sea–air DMS flux during the melt period was dominated\udby episodic spikes of up to 8.1 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>. Further\udmodel simulations were conducted to assess the effects of the incorporation\udof sea-ice biogeochemistry on DMS production and emissions, as well as the\udsensitivity of our results to changes of uncertain model parameters of the\udsea-ice sulfur cycle. The results highlight the\udimportance of taking into account both the sea-ice sulfur cycle and ecosystem\udin the flux estimates of oceanic DMS near the ice margins and identify key\uduncertainties in processes and rates that should be better constrained by new\udobservations

Implications of sea-ice biogeochemistry for oceanic production and emissions of dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic