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Antarctic palaeoclimate evolution and vegetation history after the formationof a continent-scale cryosphere at the Eocene–Oligocene boundary, 33.9million years ago, has remained a matter of controversy. In particular, thereconstruction of terrestrial climate and vegetation has been stronglyhampered by uncertainties in unambiguously identifying non-reworked asopposed to reworked sporomorphs that have been transported into Antarcticmarine sedimentary records by waxing and waning ice sheets. Whereas reworkedsporomorph grains over longer non-successive geological timescales areeasily identifiable within younger sporomorph assemblages (e.g. Permiansporomorphs in Pliocene sediments), distinguishing non-reworked from reworkedmaterial in palynological assemblages over successive geological time periods(e.g. Eocene sporomorphs in Oligocene sediments) has remained problematic.This study presents a new quantitative approach to identifying non-reworkedpollen assemblages in marine sediment cores from circum-Antarctic waters. Wemeasured the fluorescence colour signature, including red, green, and blue fluorescence;brightness; intensity; and saturation values of selected pollen and sporetaxa from Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene sediments from the Wilkes Land marginSite U1356 (East Antarctica) recovered during Integrated Ocean DrillingProgram (IODP) Expedition 318. Our study identified statistically significantdifferences in red-fluorescence values of non-reworked sporomorph taxaagainst age. We conclude that red fluorescence is a reliable parameter foridentifying the presence of non-reworked pollen and spores in Antarctic marinesediment records from the circum-Antarctic realm that are influenced byglaciation and extensive reworking. Our study provides a new tool toaccurately reconstruct Cenozoic terrestrial climate change on Antarcticausing fossil pollen and spores

biogeosciences

A new quantitative approach to identify reworking in Eocene to Miocene pollen records from offshore Antarctica using red fluorescence and digital imaging