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The Southern Ocean is a major sink for anthropogenic carbon. Yet, there is noquantitative consensus about how this sink will change when surface windsincrease (as they are anticipated to do). Among the tools employed toquantify carbon uptake are global coupled ocean-circulation–biogeochemicalmodels. Because of computational limitations these models still fail toresolve potentially important spatial scales. Instead, processes on thesescales are parameterized. There is concern that deficiencies in theseso-called <i>eddy parameterizations</i> might imprint incorrect sensitivities ofprojected oceanic carbon uptake. Here, we compare natural carbon uptake inthe Southern Ocean simulated with contemporary eddy parameterizations. Wefind that very differing parameterizations yield surprisingly similar oceaniccarbon in response to strengthening winds. In contrast, we find (in anadditional simulation) that the carbon uptake does differ substantially whenthe supply of bioavailable iron is altered within its envelope ofuncertainty. We conclude that a more comprehensive understanding ofbioavailable iron dynamics will substantially reduce the uncertainty ofmodel-based projections of oceanic carbon uptake

Simulating natural carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean: on uncertainties associated with eddy parameterizations and iron deposition