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Boreal lake and river ecosystems receive large quantitiesof organic nutrients and carbon (C) from their catchments. Howbacterioplankton respond to these inputs is not well understood, in partbecause we base our understanding and predictions on <q>total pools</q>, yet weknow little about the stoichiometry of bioavailable elements withinorganic matter. We designed bioassays with the purpose of exhausting thepools of readily bioavailable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC), bioavailabledissolved nitrogen (BDN), and bioavailable dissolved phosphorus (BDP) as fastas possible. Applying the method in four boreal lakes at base-flowconditions yielded concentrations of bioavailable resources in the range105–693 µg C L−1 for BDOC (2 % of initial total DOC),24–288 µg N L−1 for BDN (31 % of initial total dissolvednitrogen), and 0.2–17 µg P L−1 for BDP (49 % of initialtotal dissolved phosphorus). Thus, relative bioavailability increased fromcarbon (C) to nitrogen (N) to phosphorus (P). We show that the main fractionof bioavailable nutrients is organic, representing 80 % of BDN and 61 %of BDP. In addition, we demonstrate that total C : N and C : P ratios are asmuch as 13-fold higher than C : N and C : P ratios for bioavailable resourcefractions. Further, by applying additional bioavailability measurements toseven widely distributed rivers, we provide support for a general pattern ofrelatively high bioavailability of P and N in relation to C. Altogether, ourfindings underscore the poor availability of C for support of bacterialmetabolism in boreal C-rich freshwaters, and suggest that these ecosystemsare very sensitive to increased input of bioavailable DOC

New insights on resource stoichiometry: assessing availability of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus to bacterioplankton