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We use an eddy-resolving, regional ocean biogeochemical model to investigatethe main variables and processes responsible for the climatologicalspatio-temporal variability of pCO2 and the air-sea CO2 fluxes in thesouthwestern Atlantic Ocean. Overall, the region acts as a sink ofatmospheric CO2 south of 30° S, and is close to equilibrium withthe atmospheric CO2 to the north. On the shelves, the ocean acts as a weaksource of CO2, except for the mid/outer shelves of Patagonia, which act assinks. In contrast, the inner shelves and the low latitude open ocean of thesouthwestern Atlantic represent source regions. Observednearshore-to-offshore and meridional pCO2 gradients are well representedby our simulation. A sensitivity analysis shows the importance of thecounteracting effects of temperature and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC)in controlling the seasonal variability of pCO2. Biological productionand solubility are the main processes regulating pCO2, with biologicalproduction being particularly important on the shelves. The role ofmixing/stratification in modulating DIC, and therefore surface pCO2,is shown in a vertical profile at the location of the Ocean ObservatoriesInitiative (OOI) site in the Argentine Basin (42° S, 42° W)

biogeosciences

Air-sea CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; fluxes and the controls on ocean surface &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;p&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; seasonal variability in the coastal and open-ocean southwestern Atlantic Ocean: a modeling study