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Rapid changes in the volume and sources of discharge during the springfreshet lead to pronounced variations in biogeochemical properties insnowmelt-dominated river basins. We used daily sampling during the onset ofthe freshet in the Fraser River (southwestern Canada) in 2013 to identifyrapid changes in the flux and composition of dissolved material, with afocus on dissolved organic matter (DOM). Previous time series sampling (attwice monthly frequency) of dissolved inorganic species in the Fraser Riverhas revealed smooth seasonal transitions in concentrations of major ions andtracers of water and dissolved load sources between freshet and base flowperiods. In contrast, daily sampling reveals a significant increase indissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration (200 to 550 μmol L<sup>−1</sup>)occurring over a matter of days, accompanied by a shift in DOM opticalproperties, indicating a transition towards higher molecular weight, morearomatic DOM composition. Comparable changes in DOM composition, but notconcentration, occur at other times of year, underscoring the role ofseasonal climatology in DOM cycling. A smaller data set of total anddissolved Hg concentrations also showed variability during the springfreshet period, although dissolved Hg dynamics appear to be driven byfactors beyond DOM as characterized here. The time series records of DOC andparticulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations indicate that the FraserRiver exports 0.25–0.35 % of its annual basin net primary productivity.The snowmelt-dominated hydrology, forested land cover, and minimal reservoirimpoundment of the Fraser River may influence the DOC yield of the basin,which is high relative to the nearby Columbia River and of similar magnitudeto that of the Yukon River to the north. Anticipated warming and decreasedsnowfall due to climate changes in the region may cause an overall decreasein DOM flux from the Fraser River to the coastal ocean in coming decade

biogeosciences

Seasonal hydrology drives rapid shifts in the flux and composition of dissolved and particulate organic carbon and major and trace ions in the Fraser River, Canada