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In this study, we assess the climate mitigation potential from afforestationin a mountainous snow-rich region (Switzerland) with strongly varyingenvironmental conditions. Using radiative forcing calculations, we quantifyboth the carbon sequestration potential and the effect of albedo change athigh resolution. We calculate the albedo radiative forcing based on remotelysensed data sets of albedo, global radiation and snow cover. Carbonsequestration is estimated from changes in carbon stocks based on nationalinventories. We first estimate the spatial pattern of radiative forcing (RF) across Switzerlandassuming homogeneous transitions from open land to forest. This highlightswhere forest expansion still exhibits climatic benefits when including theradiative forcing of albedo change. Second, given that forest expansion iscurrently the dominant land-use change process in the Swiss Alps, wecalculate the radiative forcing that occurred between 1985 and 1997. Ourresults show that the net RF of forest expansion ranges from −24 W m−2at low elevations of the northern Prealps to 2 W m−2 at high elevationsof the Central Alps. The albedo RF increases with increasing altitude, whichoffsets the CO2 RF at high elevations with long snow-covered periods,high global radiation and low carbon sequestration. Albedo RF isparticularly relevant during transitions from open land to open forest butnot in later stages of forest development. Between 1985 and 1997, whenoverall forest expansion in Switzerland was approximately 4%, the albedoRF offset the CO2 RF by an average of 40%. We conclude that thealbedo RF should be considered at an appropriately high resolution whenestimating the climatic effect of forestation in temperate mountainousregions

Carbon storage versus albedo change: radiative forcing of forest expansion in temperate mountainous regions of Switzerland