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Reservoirs have been identified as an important source of non-carbon dioxide(CO2) greenhouse gases with wide ranging fluxes for reported methane(CH4); however, fluxes for nitrous oxide (N2O) are rarelyquantified. This study investigates CH4 and N2O sources andemissions in a subtropical freshwater Gold Creek Reservoir, Australia,using a combination of water–air and sediment–water flux measurements andwater column and pore water analyses. The reservoir was clearly a source ofthese gases as surface waters were supersaturated with CH4 and N2O.Atmospheric CH4 fluxes were dominated by ebullition (60 to 99%)relative to diffusive fluxes and ranged from 4.14 × 102 to3.06 × 105 μmol CH4 m−2 day−1 acrossthe sampling sites. Dissolved CH4 concentrations were highest in theanoxic water column and sediment pore waters (approximately 5 000 000%supersaturated). CH4 production rates of up to3616 ± 395 μmol CH4 m−2 day−1 were foundduring sediment incubations in anoxic conditions. These findings are incontrast to N2O where no production was detected during sedimentincubations and the highest dissolved N2O concentrations were found inthe oxic water column which was 110 to 220% supersaturated withN2O. N2O fluxes to the atmosphere were primarily through thediffusive pathway, mainly driven by diffusive fluxes from the water columnand by a minor contribution from sediment diffusion and ebullition. Resultssuggest that future studies of subtropical reservoirs should monitor CH4fluxes with an appropriate spatial resolution to ensure capture of ebullitionzones, whereas assessment of N2O fluxes should focus on the diffusivepathway

Methane and nitrous oxide sources and emissions in a subtropical freshwater reservoir, South East Queensland, Australia