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Black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) forests on peat soilshave been reported to be hotspots for high nitrous oxide (N2O) losses.High emissions may be attributed to alternating water tables of peatlands andto the incorporation of high amounts of easily decomposable nitrogen (N) intothe ecosystem by symbiotic dinitrogen (N2)-fixation of alder trees. Ourstudy addressed the question to what extent drainage enhances the emissionsof N2O from black alder forests and how N turnover processes andphysical factors influence the production of N2O and totaldenitrification. The study was conducted in a drained black alder forest withvariable groundwater tables at a southern German fen peatland. Fluxes ofN2O were measured using the closed chamber method at two drained sites(D-1 and D-2) and one undrained site (U). Inorganic N contents and net Nmineralization rates (NNM) were determined. Additionally a laboratoryincubation experiment was carried out to investigate greenhouse gas andN2 fluxes at different temperature and soil moisture conditions.Significantly different inorganic N contents and NNM rates were observed,which however did not result in significantly different N2O fluxes in thefield but did in the laboratory experiment. N2O fluxes measured were lowfor all sites, with total annual emissions of 0.51 ± 0.07 (U),0.97 ± 0.13 (D-1) and0.93 ± 0.08 kg N2O–N ha−1 yr−1 (D-2). Only 37%of the spatiotemporal variation in field N2O fluxes could be explainedby peat temperature and groundwater level, demonstrating the complexinterlinking of the controlling factors for N2O emissions. However,temperature was one of the key variables of N2O fluxes in the incubationexperiment conducted. Increasing soil moisture content was found to enhancetotal denitrification losses during the incubation experiment, whereasN2O fluxes remained constant. At the undrained site, permanently highgroundwater level was found to prevent net nitrification, resulting in alimitation of available nitrate (NO3−) and negligible gaseous Nlosses. N2O flux rates that were up to four times higher were measuredin the incubation experiment. They reveal the potential of high N2Olosses under changing soil physical conditions at the drained alder sites.The high net nitrification rates observed and high NO3− contents bearthe risk of considerable NO3− leaching at the drained sites

biogeosciences

Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Alnus glutinosa&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (L.) Gaertn.) forest