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Previous work has failed to address fully the response of (autotrophic andheterotrophic) respiration to grazing in different ecosystems, particularlyin alpine grasslands outside the growing season. From 2010 to 2011 a fieldexperiment combined two methods (static closed chambers and a closed dynamicsoil CO2 flux system) in alpine grasslands located in the TianshanMountains. We examined the effects of grazing regime on ecosystem respiration(Re) both outside (NGS) and during (GS) the growing season anddetermined the pattern of Re in relation to climate change. Therewas no significant change in CO2 emissions under grazing. Heterotrophicrespiration (Rh) accounted for 78.5% of Re withshort-term grazing exclusion and 93.2% of Re with long-termgrazing exclusion. Re, Rh and autotrophic respiration(Ra) fluxes outside the growing season were equivalent to12.9%, 14.1% and 11.4% of the respective CO2 fluxesduring the growing season. In addition, our results indicate that soil watercontent played a critical role in Ra in the cold and aridenvironment. Both Rh and Re were sensitive to soiltemperature. Moreover, our results suggest that grazing exerted nosignificant effect on CO2 emissions in these alpine grasslands

Response of carbon dioxide emissions to sheep grazing and N application in an alpine grassland – Part 1: Effect of sheep grazing