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International audienceSediments collected from hypersaline and anoxicdeep-sea basins in the eastern Mediterranean (Thetis, Kryos,Medee, and Tyro) were characterised in terms of their miner-alogical composition, the distributions of rare earth elements(REE), Zr, and Hf and their content of microbial DNA. Weidentified two major mineralogical fractions: one fraction ofdetritic  origin  was  composed  of  quartz,  gypsum,  and  low-Mg  calcite  bioclasts  (with  0<Mg<0.07 %)  and  anotherfraction of authigenic origin constituted of halite, dolomite,high-Mg calcite (with a Mg content of up to 22 %) and rarebischofite and showed a textural evidence of microbial as-semblages.We found that in the Medee and Tyro sediments, the shale-normalised REE pattern of these sediments is strongly en-riched in middle REE (MREE), whereas in the Thetis andTyro basins, a positive Gd anomaly in the residue was ob-tained after the removal of the water-soluble fraction. In allinvestigated basins, Y / Ho ratio clustered around chondriticvalues, whereas Zr / Hf ratio ranged from slightly subchon-dritic  to  superchondritic  values.  Subchondritic  Y / Ho  andZr / Hf values were mainly found in the high-Mg carbonatehaving a microbial origin. The observed preferential removalof Zr with respect to Hf without significant partitioning ofY with respect to Ho indicates that the Zr / Hf ratio and Y–Ho fractionations are influenced by the microbial activity inthe sediments. We propose that the concurrent Y-Ho and Zr–Hf fractionations are a suitable tracer of microbial activity inmarine sediment

Authigenic phase formation and microbial activity control Zr, Hf, and rare earth element distributions in deep-sea brine sediments