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Microbial nitrous oxide (N2O) production in the ocean is enhanced underlow-oxygen (O2) conditions. This is especially important in the contextof increasing hypoxia (i.e., oceanic zones with extremely reduced O2concentrations). Here, we present a study on the interannual variation insummertime nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations in the bottom waters ofthe northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM), which is well-known as the site of thesecond largest seasonally occurring hypoxic zone worldwide. To this end wedeveloped a simple model that computes bottom-water N2O concentrationswith a tri-linear ΔN2O/O2 relationship based onwater-column O2 concentrations, derived from summer (July)Texas–Louisiana shelf-wide hydrographic data between 1985 and 2007. ΔN2O (i.e., excess N2O) was computed including nitrification anddenitrification as the major microbial production and consumption pathways ofN2O. The mean modeled bottom-water N2O concentration for July inthe nGOM was 14.5 ± 2.3 nmol L−1 (min:11.0 ± 4.5 nmol L−1 in 2000 and max:20.6 ± 11.3 nmol L−1 in 2002). The mean bottom-water N2Oconcentrations were significantly correlated with the areal extent of hypoxiain the nGOM. Our modeling analysis indicates that the nGOM is a persistentsummer source of N2O, and nitrification is dominating N2Oproduction in this region. Based on the ongoing increase in the areal extentof hypoxia in the nGOM, we conclude that N2O production (and itssubsequent emissions) from this environmentally stressed region will probablycontinue to increase into the future

biogeosciences

Interannual variation in summer N&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;O concentration in the hypoxic region of the northern Gulf of Mexico, 1985–2007