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. With an increased share of solar and wind energy e.g. in the German andEuropean energy systems it is becoming increasingly important to analyze theimpact of weather variability on the reliability of the energy production.In this study, we calculate solar PV and wind power capacity factors usingtwo recently developed climatological datasets that provide information withhigh spatial and temporal details on the continental (European) scale andare of sufficient length for assessments at climatological time scales:Surface radiation derived from meteorological satellites (SARAH-2) and windspeed from a high-resolution regional reanalysis (COSMO-REA6). Balancingeffects are analysed: On average, the seasonal cycles of PV and wind powerproduction complement each other in Germany as well as in Europe. Thefrequency of events with a risk of low electricity generation is analyzedunder different assumptions. When using wind energy over German land areasas a reference case, the results illustrate that the number of lowproduction events is reduced when Germany's Exclusive Economic Zone isincluded into the analysis, or when a combined system of PV and wind energyis considered. A European-wide analysis also leads to a distinct reductionof such events.

A climatological assessment of balancing effects and shortfall risks of photovoltaics and wind energy in Germany and Europe