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A two-dimensional isotropic Composite Right/Left-Handed (CRLH) waveguidestructure is proposed which is designed for operation in X-band. Thebalanced structure possesses left-handed behaviour over a large bandwidthfrom 7.5 GHz up to its transition frequency at 10 GHz. Abovethis region, the unit cell behaves in a right-handed manner up to13.5 GHz. Operating the structure within these bands yields afrequency dependent index of refraction ranging from −2.5 ≤ n ≤ 0.8.Isotropic characteristics are obtained between 8.5 GHz ≤ f ≤ 12 GHz resulting in −1.5 ≤ n ≤ 0.8. The planar CRLHstructure is designed based on transmission line theory, implemented inmicrostrip technology and optimized using full-wave simulation software. Anequivalent circuit model is determined describing the electromagneticbehaviour of the structure whose element values are obtained by even and oddmode analysis. The design of the unit cell requires an appropriatede-embedding process in order to enable an analysis in terms of dispersioncharacteristics and Bloch impedance, which are performed both

Design and analysis of an isotropic two-dimensional planar Composite Right/Left-Handed waveguide structure