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. The variabilities of the semidiurnal solar and lunar tides of the equatorialelectrojet (EEJ) are investigated during the 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2013 majorsudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events in this study. For this purpose, ground-magnetometer recordingsat the equatorial observatories in Huancayo and Fuquene are utilized.Results show a major enhancement in the amplitude of the EEJ semidiurnallunar tide in each of the four warming events. The EEJ semidiurnal solartidal amplitude shows an amplification prior to the onset of warmings, areduction during the deceleration of the zonal mean zonal wind at 60∘  N and 10 hPa, and a second enhancement a few days after thepeak reversal of the zonal mean zonal wind during all four SSWs. Results alsoreveal that the amplitude of the EEJ semidiurnal lunar tide becomescomparable or even greater than the amplitude of the EEJ semidiurnal solartide during all these warming events. The present study also compares the EEJsemidiurnal solar and lunar tidal changes with the variability of themigrating semidiurnal solar (SW2) and lunar (M2) tides in neutral temperatureand zonal wind obtained from numerical simulations at E-region heights. Abetter agreement between the enhancements of the EEJ semidiurnal lunar tideand the M2 tide is found in comparison with the enhancements of the EEJsemidiurnal solar tide and the SW2 tide in both the neutral temperature andzonal wind at the E-region altitudes.

On the variability of the semidiurnal solar and lunar tides of the equatorial electrojet during sudden stratospheric warmings