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In this study we investigate the latitudinal behavior of the azimuthalplasma velocities in the outer magnetosphere of Saturn using the numericalion moments derived from the measurements of the Cassini PlasmaSpectrometer. One of the new results presented is that although thesemoments display some scatter, a significant positive correlation is found toexist between the azimuthal velocity and the plasma density, such that onaverage, the higher the density the higher the rotation speed. We also foundthat both the azimuthal velocity and the density anticorrelate with themagnitude of the radial component of the magnetic field and drop rapidlywith increasing distance from the magnetic equator. The azimuthal velocitiesshow periodic behavior with a period near the planetary rotation period,which can also be explained by the strong dependence on magnetic latitude,taking into account the flapping of the magnetodisk. It is thus found thatthe dense plasma near the magnetic equator rotates around the planet at highspeed, while the dilute plasma at higher latitudes in the northern andsouthern hemispheres rotates significantly slower. The latitudinal gradientobserved in the azimuthal speed is suggested to be a direct consequence ofthe sub-corotation of the plasma in the outer magnetosphere, with highestspeeds occurring on field lines at lowest latitudes mapping to the rapidlyrotating inner regions of the plasma sheet, and the speed falling as oneapproaches the lobe, where the field lines are connected to stronglysub-corotating plasma

The latitudinal structure of the nightside outer magnetosphere of Saturn as revealed by velocity moments of thermal ions