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This study illustrates the convectively generated gravity wave generationmechanisms during the passage of thunderstorms and squall line using IndianMST radar. For the first time, it has been shown that all three generationmechanisms have been involved in the generation of gravity waves during thepassage of squall line event. It is observed that the periodicities in therange of 8–80 min in the tropospheric and 8–32 min in the lowerstratospheric regions and vertical wavelengths in the range of 3.2–4.8 kmin the tropospheric and 1.2–1.92 km in the lower stratospheric regions arefound to be dominant in the present study and are distinctly different duringinitial, mature and dissipative phases of convection. Amplitude of verticalwind has been weakened (from ~ 4–6 m s<sup>−1</sup> to~ 1 m s<sup>−1</sup>) considerably after 10–30 min of a convection event.It appears that the wind shear associated with the convective clouds actedlike an obstacle to the mean background flow during the squall line passagegenerated gravity waves. The phase profiles corresponding to the dominantperiod show both downward and upward propagation of waves. The verticalextent of heating is found to be deeper during squall line event comparedwith thunderstorm event. From the phase profiles, during 27 September 2004,two peaks of constant phase region are observed. One is due to convectiveelements and the other is due to strong background wind shear; however, onlyone peak is observed on 29 September 2004, which is only due to convectiveprocesses

annales geophysicae

Investigation of convectively generated gravity wave characteristics and generation mechanisms during the passage of thunderstorm and squall line over Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E)