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Relative to extensive studies of interactions between the quasi 2-day waveand tides, nonlinear interaction of the 16-day wave with tides was reportedless, in particular interaction with the diurnal tide. We present anobservational study of a possible nonlinear interaction event between the16-day wave and the diurnal tide based on meteor radar measurement at Maui.An obvious 16-day wave can be observed from raw wind data. Its maximummeridional wind amplitude can attain 18.0 m s<sup>−1</sup> at a height of 92 kmduring the time of our attention, which is larger than that in previousreports. Sum and difference interactions between the 16-day wave and thediurnal tide are observed to have rather different intensities. Because sumnonlinear interaction is very intense, the secondary sum wave with a periodof 22.59 h is stronger than the diurnal tide. However, weak spectrum of thesecondary difference wave is hardly identified. The beat of the diurnal tidewith the secondary sum wave leads to substantial modulation of the diurnaltide at a period of 16 days. Moreover, this strong secondary sum wave furtherinteracts with the 16-day wave to generate a new secondary wave with a periodof 21.33 h. Such an interaction may be also regarded as a third-ordernonlinear interaction between the 16-day wave and the diurnal tide withtwo-step interaction. Hence, the third-order nonlinear interaction betweenplanetary waves and tides may occur significantly in the MLT region

A nonlinear interaction event between a 16-day wave and a diurnal tide from meteor radar observations