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OH rotational temperatures have been observed at the Syowa Station,Antarctica (69° S, 39° E), which is located in the middle of theauroral zone and has a high-sensitivity spectrometer for the spectral regionof the OH 8-4 band. A dataset of 153 nights was acquired during the 2008austral winter season. Of the 153 nights, the weather and aurora conditionswere only suitable on 6 nights to study the relationship between auroralactivity and OH airglow variation. Of these 6 nights, a significant increasein the rotational temperature and a decrease in the intensity related to anaurora activity were identified on the night of 27/28 March 2008, but nosuch variations were seen during the other nights. The horizontal magneticfield disturbance on the night of 27/28 March was the largest of thatwinter, while the cosmic radio noise absorption was also very strong. Thesefacts indicate that, compared with the other nights, a large flux ofhigh-energy auroral particles precipitated during the night. It is suggestedthat the observed variations in the OH rotational temperature and airglowintensity were caused by a lowering of the average airglow height as aresult of OH depletion in the upper part of the layer where high-energyauroral particles can reach

The increase in OH rotational temperature during an active aurora event