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The effects of the solar wind dynamic pressure (P), the z component ofthe solar wind magnetic field (Bz), the merging electric field (Em),season and the Kp index on R1 and R2 field-aligned currents are studiedstatistically using magnetic field data from the CHAMP satellite during2001–2005. The ionospheric and field-aligned currents are determined fromthe magnetic field data by the recently developed 1-D Spherical ElementaryCurrent System (SECS) method. During southward IMF, increasing |Bz| isobserved to clearly increase the total field-aligned current, while duringnorthward IMF, the amount of field-aligned current remains fairly constantregardless of |Bz|. The dependence of the field-aligned current on Bzis given by |Ir[MA]|=0.054·Bz[nT]2−0.34·Bz[nT]+2.4. With increasing P, the intensity of thefield-aligned current is also found to increase according to|Ir[MA]|=0.62·P[nPa]+1.6, and the auroral oval isobserved to move equatorward. Increasing Em produces similar behaviour,described by |Ir[MA]|=1.41·Em[mV/m]+1.4. While theabsolute intensity of the ionospheric current is stronger during negativethan during positive Bz, the relative change in the intensity of thecurrents produced by a more intense solar wind dynamic pressure is observedto be approximately the same regardless of the Bz direction. IncreasingKp from 0 to ≥5 widens the auroral oval and moves it equatorward frombetween 66°–74° AACGM latitude to59°–71° latitude. The total field aligned currentas a function of Kp is given by |Ir[MA]|=1.1·Kp+0.6.In agreement with previous studies, total field-aligned current in the summeris found to be 1.4 times stronger than in the winter

Statistical dependence of auroral ionospheric currents on solar wind and geomagnetic parameters from 5 years of CHAMP satellite data