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Observations by the EISCAT Svalbard radar show that electron\ud temperatures Te in the cusp electrojet reach up to about 4000 K.\ud The heat is tapped and converted from plasma convection in the near\ud Earth space by a Pedersen current that is carried by electrons due\ud to the presence of irregularities and their demagnetising effect.\ud The heat is transfered to the neutral gas by collisions. In order\ud to enhance Te to such high temperatures the maximally possible\ud dissipation at 50% demagnetisation must nearly be reached. The\ud effective Pedersen conductances are found to be enhanced by up to\ud 60% compared to classical values. Conductivities and conductances\ud respond significantly to variations of the electric field strength\ud E, and "Ohm's law" for the ionosphere becomes non-linear for\ud large E

The Pedersen current carried by electrons: a non-linear response of the ionosphere to magnetospheric forcing