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Results are presented from two multi-instrument case studies showing patchesof cold, long-lived plasma in the winter nightside ionosphere during timeswhen the z-component of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF Bz) waspositive. These enhancements were coincident with the antisunward convectiveplasma drift, flowing from polar to nightside auroral latitudes. In thefirst case, on 5 December 2005 with IMF By negative, two regions ofenhanced electron density were observed extended in MLT in the magneticmidnight sector separated by lower densities near midnight. It is likelythat the earlier enhancement originated on the dayside near magnetic noonand was transported to the nightside sector in the convective flow, whilstthe later feature originated in the morning magnetic sector. The lowerdensities separating the two enhancements were a consequence of a pair oflobe cells essentially blocking the direct antisunward cross polar flow fromthe dayside. A second case study on 4 February 2006 with IMF Bypositive revealed a single nightside enhancement likely to have originatedin the morning magnetic sector. These multi-instrument investigations,incorporating observations by the EISCAT radar facility, the SuperDARNnetwork and radio tomography, reveal that plasma flowing from the daysidecan play a significant role in the nightside ionosphere under conditions ofIMF Bz positive. The observations are reinforced by simulations offlux-tube transport and plasma decay

annales geophysicae

Multi-instrument observations of nightside plasma patches under conditions of IMF &amp;lt;I&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;z&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/I&amp;gt; positive