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We suggest a candidate physical mechanism, combining there dimensional\udstructure and temporal development, which is potentially able to produce\udsuprathermal populations and cross-tail current disruptions in the Earth's\udplasma sheet. At the core of the proposed process is the "akis" structure;\ud in a thin current sheet (TCS) the stretched (tail-like)\udmagnetic field lines locally terminate into a sharp tip around the tail\udmidplane. At this sharp tip of the TCS, ions become non-adiabatic, while a\udpercentage of electrons are accumulated and trapped: The strong and\udtransient electrostatic electric fields established along the\udmagnetic field lines produce suprathermal populations. In\udparallel, the tip structure is associated with field aligned and mutually\udattracted parallel filamentary currents which progressively become more\udintense and inevitably the structure collapses, and so does the local TCS.\udThe mechanism is observationally based on elementary, almost autonomous and\udspatiotemporal entities that correspond each to a local\udthinning/dipolarization pair having duration of ~1 min.\udEnergetic proton and electron populations do not occur\udsimultaneously, and we infer that they are separately accelerated at local\udthinnings and dipolarizations, respectively. In one example energetic\udparticles are accelerated without any dB/dt variation and before the\udsubstorm expansion phase onset. A particular effort is undertaken\uddemonstrating that the proposed acceleration mechanism may explain\udthe plasma sheet ratio Ti/Te≈7. All\udour inferences are checked by the highest resolution datasets obtained by\udthe Geotail Energetic Particles and Ion Composition (EPIC)\udinstrument. The energetic particles are used as the best diagnostics for\udthe accelerating source. Near Earth (X≈10 RE) selected\udevents support our basic concept. The proposed mechanism seems to\udreveal a fundamental building block of the substorm phenomenon and may be\udthe basic process/structure, which is now missing, that might help explain\udthe persistent, outstanding deficiencies in our physical description of\udmagnetospheric substorms. The mechanism is tested, checked, and found\udconsistent with substorm associated observations performed ~30 and 60 RE away from Earth

A physical mechanism producing suprathermal populations and initiating substorms in the Earth's magnetotail