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This study examines the longitude-dependent decadal changes and trends ofozone for the boreal winter months during the period of 1960&ndash;2000. These changesare caused primarily by changes in the planetary wave structure in the uppertroposphere and lower stratosphere. The decadal changes and trends over 4decades of geopotential perturbations, defined as a deviation from the zonalmean, are estimated by linear regression with time. The decadal changes inlongitude-dependent ozone were calculated with a simple transport model ofozone based on the known planetary wave structure changes and prescribedzonal mean ozone gradients.  For December of the 1960s and 1980s a statistically significant Rossbywave track appeared over the North Atlantic and Europe with an anticyclonicdisturbance over the Eastern North Atlantic and Western Europe, flanked bycyclonic disturbances. In the 1970s and 1990s statistically significantcyclonic disturbances appeared over the Eastern North Atlantic and Europe,surrounded by anticyclonic anomalies over Northern Africa, Central Asia andGreenland. Similar patterns have been found for January. The Rossby wavetrack over the North Atlantic and Europe is stronger in the 1980s than inthe 1960s. For February, the variability of the regression patterns ishigher. For January we found a strong alteration in the modelled decadalchanges in total ozone over Central and Northern Europe, showing a decreaseof about 15 DU in the 1960s and 1980s and an increase of about 10 DU inthe 1970s and 1990s.  Over Central Europe the positive geopotential height trend (increase of 2.3 m/yr)over 40 years is of the same order (about 100 m) as the increase inthe 1980s alone. This is important to recognize because it implies a totalozone decrease over Europe of the order of 14 DU for the 1960&ndash;2000 period,for January, if we use the standard change regression relation that about a 10-mgeopotential height increase at 300 hPa is related to about a 1.4-DU totalozone decrease

Longitude-dependent decadal ozone changes and ozone trends in boreal winter months during 1960–2000