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In addition to the well-known soil factors which control wind erosion onflat, unridged surfaces, two specific processes affect the susceptibility oftillage ridged surfaces to wind erosion: ridge-induced roughness and ridge-trapping efficiency.In order to parameterize horizontal soil fluxes produced by wind overtillage ridges, eight-ridge configurations composed of sandy soil andexhibiting ridge heights to ridge spacing (RH/RS) ratios ranging from 0.18 to 0.38were experimented in a wind tunnel. These experiments are used to develop aparameterization of the horizontal fluxes over tillage ridged surfacesbased only on the geometric characteristics of the ridges. Indeed, the keyparameters controlling the horizontal flux, namely the friction velocity,threshold friction velocity and the adjustment coefficient, are derivedthrough specific expressions, from ridge heights (RH) and ridge spacing(RS). This parameterization was evaluated by comparing the results of thesimulations to an additional experimental data set and to the data setobtained by Hagen and Armbrust (1992). In both cases, predicted and measured values are found to be ina satisfying agreement.This parameterization was used to evaluate the efficiency of ridges inreducing wind erosion. The results show that ridged surfaces, when comparedto a loose, unridged soil surface, lead to an important reduction in thehorizontal fluxes (exceeding 60%). Moreover, the effect of ridges intrapping particles contributes for more than 90% in the flux reductionwhile the ridge roughness effect is weak and decreases when the windvelocity increases

Wind tunnel experiments on the effects of tillage ridge features on wind erosion horizontal fluxes